Spark

Spark moves capital out of the Sky ecosystem, formerly MakerDAO, and into places it can earn. The Liquidity Layer automates that: it supplies USDS, sUSDS and USDC into lending protocols, DeFi markets and tokenised real world assets across several chains, rebalancing as rates move.

What that means for the Base rankings is that Spark's position is allocated capital, deployed by a protocol on behalf of a larger treasury, not deposits from retail users. Spark Savings, tracked separately, is the user-facing savings product. The two together make Spark one of the larger holdings on Base despite having no trading or borrowing interface of its own here.